The effect of a topographic high on the morphological stability of a two-inlet bay system     

J. van de Kreeke  R.L. Brouwer  T.J. Zitman  H.M. Schuttelaars 《Coastal Engineering》2008

The cross-sectional stability of two tidal inlets connecting the same back-barrier lagoon to the ocean is investigated. The condition for equilibrium is the cross-sectional area tidal prism relationship. In an earlier study [Van de Kreeke, J., 1990. Can multiple inlets be stable? Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 30: 261–273.], using the same equilibrium condition, it was concluded that where two inlets connect the same basin to the ocean ultimately one inlet will close. One of the major assumptions in that study was that the water level in the basin fluctuated uniformly. In hindsight this assumption might be too restrictive. For example, in the Wadden Sea the back barrier lagoon consists of a series of basins, rather than one single basin, separated by topographic highs. These topographic highs limit but do not exclude the exchange of water between the sub-basins. For this reason in the present study, a topographic high in the form of a weir was added, separating the back-barrier lagoon in two sub-basins. The water level in the sub-basins, rather than in the back-barrier as a whole, is assumed to fluctuate uniformly. For this schematization the hydrodynamic equations are solved using a finite difference method. The results, together with the equilibrium condition, yield the equilibrium flow curve for each of the inlets. The intersections of the two equilibrium flow curves represent combinations of cross-sectional areas for which both inlets are in equilibrium. The stability of the equilibriums was investigated using a non-linear stability analysis resulting in a flow diagram. Calculations were carried out for different inlet and weir characteristics. Sinussoidal tides were the same for both inlets. The results show that for relatively large wetted cross-sectional areas over the topographic high, approaching the situation of a single basin, there are no combinations of inlet cross-sectional areas for which both inlets are in a stable equilibrium. This supports the conclusion in the earlier study. For relatively small wetted cross-sectional areas over the topographic high there is one set of stable equilibriums. In that case the two-inlet bay system approaches that of two single-inlet bay systems.  相似文献   

Morphological and spectral study of the galaxies Kaz 69 and Kaz 460     

M. A. Kazarian  E. L. Karapetian  V. Zh. Adibekyan 《Astrophysics》2007,50(4):416-425

Morphological and spectral studies of the galaxies Kaz 69 and Kaz 460 are reported. The observations were made on the 2.6-m telescope at the Byurakan Observatory using the VAGR multiaperture spectrograph. Isophotes of monochromatic images of the Hα, [NII] λ6584, and [SII] λ6717 lines are constructed. Densifications I and II are found to rotate with north-south oriented axes of rotation. The two densifications (“knots”) have all the kinematic and spectral properties of individual galaxies. It is assumed that Kaz 139 and the densifications I and II were ejected from the nucleus of Kaz 460 at different times, with Kaz 139 probably having been ejected first, although they may all have been ejected simultaneously with different velocities. Along with Kaz 460, these objects form a physical group of galaxies and, at the same time, are a consequence of the activity of the nucleus of Kaz 460. __________ Translated from Astrofizika, Vol. 50, No. 3, pp. 415–426 (August 2007).  相似文献   

建筑点群在城市3维形态量化中的应用     

张姗琪  ;葛珊珊 《测绘软科学研究》2009,(2):83-87

利用将建筑实体进行高度抽象，提出了建筑点群，以GIS的空间分析理论为依据，通过实体高度、起伏度、空间聚集度三个指标对城市的3维形态进行量化与分析。选取南京市主城区为实验样区，提取该区域的建筑点群，用三个指标对实验样区内3维形态的空间分布格局和时间发展特点进行定量分析与描述。实验结果证明，这三个指标从不同角度分析了建筑实体在区域内的组合方式，能够在一定程度上反映城市3维形态的基本特征，有助于对城市空间分布格局及城市历史演变过程的研究。  相似文献   

基于改进形态学运算的图像去噪自适应算法研究     

许致火  何建新  朱幼莲 《成都信息工程学院学报》2009,24(1)

形态学的腐蚀和膨胀两种基本运算固有特征,使其在去除图像噪声的同时,造成图像信息严重丢失.针对这种现象,首先把传统腐蚀膨胀的极值运算改进为中值运算;其次对结构元素进行改进和优化,定义单位结构元素,利用数学方法推导找到零方阵的单位结构元素;最后在这些研究工作的基础上提出一种新的自适应图像去噪算法.对比实验表明:新方法比传统形态学和中值滤波算法在低信噪比环境下具有明显优势,因此在图像去噪中具有广泛的应用前景.  相似文献   

青岛海域小眼绿鳍鱼耳石形态的初步研究   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

张晓霞  叶振江  王英俊  高东奎  杨永桓 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2009,39(4)

利用2002年6～12月期间采自青岛海域商业渔获的286尾小眼绿鳍鱼(Chelidonichthys spinosus)标本,以耳石长、耳石宽、周长、面积、矩形趋近率、充实度为基本形态学参数,结合其中傅里叶变换获得的形态特征变量,研究了小眼绿鳍鱼幼鱼生长过程耳石形态的逐月变化特征.结果显示,小眼绿鳍鱼耳石为不规则卵圆形或近四边形,背部弧状隆起,腹部相对略平,前部有一明显缺刻,后部常呈锯齿状尖突.小眼绿鳍鱼耳石长、耳石重、耳石面积皆与体长呈显著相关,耳石长宽比与体长不呈显著相关.随着小眼绿鳍鱼生长,该鱼耳石形态特征随月份变化差异显著;经多因子方差分析和判别分析表明,研究期间小眼绿鳍鱼耳石形态可分为3个特征区间:6月份与其他月份间形态差异显著;7～9月耳石形态特征处于变化间状态;10～12月各方面形态特征趋于稳定.  相似文献   

星系团的分层效应     

赵君亮 《天文学进展》2007,25(3):206-214

对星系团各类分层效应的有关问题做了概要的评述,包括成员星系在位置空间和(或)速度空间中的形态分层、光度(质量)分层和元素丰度分层的表现形式和探测途径,分层效应可能的形成机制及其对星系和星系团的结构和演化的影响。  相似文献   

中国近海棱梭群体形态学和耳石形态学研究          下载免费PDF全文

阳敏  刘璐  吴桢  吴天昊  谭颖琪  龙丹丹  高天翔  宋娜 《应用海洋学学报》2019,38(3):329-337

为研究棱梭不同地理群体间的形态差异,使用多元统计分析方法对采集自金门、厦门、虎门、湛江、北海和防城港6个地点邻近海域的棱梭群体样本的形态和矢耳石形态两方面进行比较研究。对棱梭样本的形态研究结合传统形态学和地标形态学开展,对矢耳石的形态研究则将传统耳石形态分析法和椭圆傅里叶分析法相结合,形态和耳石形态数据的分析结果相似。主成分分析结果表明从28个棱梭形态量度指标提取的前8个主成分累积贡献率为65. 868%,从85个耳石形态指标提取的前23个主成分的累积贡献率为79. 290%,根据临界值85. 000%可以推断这6个棱梭群体间形态和耳石形态上的差异不能够单独依靠少数指标来判断;聚类分析的结果总体显示出群体间差异与地理距离等因素相关联的分布规律;在判别分析中形态学量度指标的综合判别正确率为75. 9%,而耳石形态学指标的综合判别正确率略低,为69. 3%;对棱梭形态量度指标的单因子方差分析显示湛江棱梭群体与其他群体在形态上存在显著差异的量度指标较少。栖息地环境、饵料组成和海流等可能是导致形态学差异和耳石形态差异形成的主要因素。另一方面,理化因子的相似性和群体间的交流会减弱群体间形态和耳石形态的差异。  相似文献   

Late glacial fans in the eastern Skagerrak; depositional environment interpreted from swath bathymetry and seismostratigraphy     

Oddvar Longva  Heidi A. Olsen  David J.W. Piper  Leif Rise  Terje Thorsnes 《Marine Geology》2008,251(1-2):110-123

The origin of acoustically transparent fan deposits overlying glacial till and ice-proximal sediments on the southern margin of the Norwegian Channel has been studied using high-resolution seismic-reflection profiles and multibeam bathymetry. The first deposits overlying glacigenic sediments are a series of stacked, acoustically transparent submarine fans. The lack of glaciomarine sediments below and between individual fans indicates that deposition was rapid and immediately followed the break up of the Late Weichselian ice cover. The fans are overlain by stratified glaciomarine sediments and Holocene mud. Because of the uniformity of this drape, the upper surface of the fan deposits is mimicked at the present seafloor, and the bathymetric images clearly show the spatial relationship of the fans to bedrock ridges and the presence of braided channel-levee systems on the surface of the youngest fans. The acoustically transparent character of the fan deposits indicates that they comprise silt and clay, and their lobate form and lack of internal stratification indicates that they were deposited by debris flows. The channel-levee morphology indicates deposition from more watery hyperconcentrated fluid flows. The fan sediments were either derived from 1) erosion of Mid Weichselian lake deposits in southern Skagerrak or 2) from Late glacial ice-margin lake deposits, ponded against the Norwegian Channel ice stream, which collapsed catastrophically when the lateral support was removed as the ice disintegrated. Fans composed almost exclusively of fine-grained sediment need not, therefore, rule out an origin in a deglacial setting relatively close to the former margins of glaciers and ice sheets.  相似文献   

沙丘形态及表沙粒度特征对风况和地表植被变化的响应     

姜吴彬  张德国  杨小平 《中国沙漠》2022,42(4):120-129

以毛乌素沙地3种沙丘（新月形沙丘、抛物线形沙丘和反向沙丘）为研究对象,对其形态、表沙粒度特征和区域风况进行了量化分析,探讨了沙丘表沙物理运动过程及其形态对外界条件（风况和地表植被）变化的反馈,揭示了沙丘表沙粒度特征对不同沙丘形态的响应机制。结果表明：新月形沙丘表沙平均粒径由迎风坡底部向顶部逐渐变小,分选呈现逐渐变好趋势, 但粒径较小和分选较差的表沙样出现在沙丘迎风坡中部。随着地表植被覆盖度的增加,新月形沙丘逐渐向抛物线形沙丘转变,近地表输沙能力和沙丘上风向沙源的供应同样受到限制,致使抛物线形沙丘由迎风坡底部向顶部呈现表沙平均粒径变大,而分选逐渐变好的趋势。毛乌素沙地内季节性风况（春季盛行强劲西北风,夏季盛行较弱东南风）的变化不仅促进了反向沙丘的发育,并且重组了西北盛行风影响下的表沙粒度特征。在夏季反向风风蚀的作用下,沙丘落沙坡顶部出现反向堆积和脊线反向移动的现象,同时其顶部呈现平均粒径由小变大、分选逐渐变好的趋势。  相似文献   

西藏鄂雅错盐湖砷和汞的分布特征研究          下载免费PDF全文

陈嘉琪  王建萍  张耀玲  凌智永 《盐湖研究》2022,30(2):61-69

本研究对西藏鄂雅错盐湖和主要支流中不同形态的砷(亚砷酸盐As(Ⅲ)、砷酸盐As(Ⅴ)、一甲基砷酸MMA、二甲基砷酸DMA)和总汞(THg)含量进行了测定,并与主要水质参数进行相关性分析研究,结果表明鄂雅错盐湖As主要以As(Ⅴ)形态存在,其次分别为As(Ⅲ)、DMA和MMA,其中无机砷的含量明显大于有机砷。相比较其他砷的形态,盐湖中As(Ⅲ)与主要水质参数的相关性显著,与总溶解性固体(TDS)、总溶解态氮(DTN)呈显著的强正相关性,与水温、溶解氧 (DO)、氧化还原电位(Eh)、pH呈显著负相关性。总汞浓度较低,且与主要水质参数相关性不显著。通过风险评价发现鄂雅错湖水中砷存在一定的致癌健康风险,汞不存在风险。本研究丰富了西藏盐湖和支流水体中砷、汞分布特征及其环境影响因素的认识,对于环境保护具有一定的意义。  相似文献